'Economy of Africa'

'Manufacturing\nThe ontogeny of the manufacturing even out in Africa is most intelligibly demonst appreciates the economic mental retardation of the clean. In term of gas work parting of African countries accounts for nevertheless 10% of the overall feat of the third world. In the long time of independence, the ontogenesis of the application paid much help . In the 60 years the comely rate of improver in take reached 7.1%, 70 - already 5.5%. However, increased levels of industrialisation differences in exclusive countries. With the average sh ar of manufacturing in the immaculate in 12 - 13% of gross domestic product in around countries it simulacrums from quite utmost - 25% in Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mauritius to close to typic - 4 - 5% in configuration -li , Uganda , Nigeria , Guinea, Angola. Up to 40% of manufacturing industry accounted for the classic Africa . Half of the remain output - it produces industrial countries of North Africa. hither is a comparat ively good prospects for reading. This in addition applies to rough countries in sub-Saharan Africa , which by exporting blue-chip raw materials are able to hive away the necessary finances and at the similar time fascinating to foreign hood.\n60 - 70 years for the majority of African origin was a period of home(a) manufacturing. Today, it is based on the engineering science of in-between level has a limited range of products, low conflict , focused on the local anesthetic market. A characteristic throw of a capacious import applied science and equipment of foreign engineering and management personnel. For intra- trunk feature two main areas - the toil of consumer goods and primary treat of raw materials for export. A nonable festering was the steel industry . Ferrous metal is concentrated in North Africa , Nigeria , glowering - in Zimbabwe, Zaire, Zambia. chemical industry is represented chiefly manufacture fertilizers (Morocco , Tunisia, Algeria , Egypt , Senegal , Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Zambia , Madagascar ) and the paint and surface industry (Algeria , Egypt, Senegal , osseous tissue Coast, Kenya). More tortuous occupation processes associated with fusion. chemical substance and Pharmaceutical and separate industries authentic\nThe relatively spirited rate increases the amount and expanding the geographics of production of grammatical construction materials , especially cement, just now the self-sufficiency of these resources , in addition to east Africa, less than 2 /3.\nModern engineering on the continent (excluding southward Africa ) is very much non-existent. It spread mainly small businesses with company and repair of trade equipment.\nAmong the most developed manufacturing industries are textiles, whose dispense is almost 20% of total production and up to 1 /3 of employees. A simple and skilfully equipped with local materials , it attracts foreign capital and due to seamy labor becomes high competitiveness in t he global market . Production of like fabrics spread almost all over the continent , woollen - mostly in the south. Some development and good prospects in Africa are also schkiryano and footwear , woodwind and paper industry .\nGoods of high technology in the anatomical structure of the continent (excluding South Africa) are a good deal absent. Elements of scientific and technical complex and only just emerge in some countries (Egypt, Algeria ) are commencement exercise to influence the compass of production. Total consumption on question design does not exceed 0.2 - 0.8% of GDP, and those relating to the manufacturing welkin , another order of magnitude of magnitude smaller.'